Hypotheses
- "In societies practicing patrilocal residence, in which there is also an exclusive mother-infant sleeping arrangement, female initiation rites will subject the initiate to extreme pain in the form of a genital operation or extensive tattooing" (843)Brown, Judith K. - A cross-cultural study of female initiation rites, 1963 - 3 Variables
This article discusses initiation rites for girls. Specifically explored are the reasons why the ceremonies are observed in some societies and omitted in others and what the variations between societies demonstrates.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - There will be an association between harsher male initiation ceremonies and same-sex bondingSchlegel, Alice - Pain, fear, and circumcision in boys' adolescent initiation ceremonies, 2017 - 2 Variables
Schlegel and Barry explore the conditions under which adolescent boys' initiation ceremonies involve rituals that frighten or cause pain to the initiates. The authors look for cross-cultural differences and similarities in cultural features associated with harsh rituals, in particular, genital operations.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Societies in which there is a large sex difference in the degree to which certain traits (obedience, industry, and responsibility) are emphasized in childhood will be positively associated with the occurrence of initiation ceremonies (139).Barry III, Herbert - Early childhood precursors of adolescent initiation ceremonies, 1980 - 2 Variables
This study presents a psychological theory for adolescent initiation ceremonies. Findings support the hypothesis that initiation is a mechanism for maintaining continuity between the stages of childhood and adulthood, when the body is physiologically in discontinuity.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Societies in which social solidarity (low emphasis on obedience and low frequency of teasing) and sex differentiation are present in early childhood will be associated with the occurrence of initiation ceremonies (136, 138).Barry III, Herbert - Early childhood precursors of adolescent initiation ceremonies, 1980 - 4 Variables
This study presents a psychological theory for adolescent initiation ceremonies. Findings support the hypothesis that initiation is a mechanism for maintaining continuity between the stages of childhood and adulthood, when the body is physiologically in discontinuity.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - There will be an association between harsh male initiation ceremonies and training for obedience in late childhood, prior to adolescenceSchlegel, Alice - Pain, fear, and circumcision in boys' adolescent initiation ceremonies, 2017 - 2 Variables
Schlegel and Barry explore the conditions under which adolescent boys' initiation ceremonies involve rituals that frighten or cause pain to the initiates. The authors look for cross-cultural differences and similarities in cultural features associated with harsh rituals, in particular, genital operations.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Frequent violent crimes by individuals are associated with the following five formative experiences: (1) The mother is not the principal caretaker during infancy; (2) The mother is the principal caretaker during early childhood; (3) Obedience by boys is weakly required during middle childhood; (4) Corporal punishment of boys is frequent during late childhood; (5) Premarital sexual intercourse by females is prohibited (71-72)Barry III, Herbert - Corporal punishment and other formative experiences associated with violent ..., 2007 - 6 Variables
The focus of this article is the frequency of violent crimes. Five fomative experiences that are correlated with frequent violent crime by individuals are presented. This study uses the same sample as Ember and Ember (1992).
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "Bilateral and cognatic kin . . . are highly indulgent to young children, reject an adult's dependency needs, and furthermore greatly emphasize adult achievement. These conditions seem ideal for the development of a 'child-adult' conflict, and the latter should be reflected, as indeed it is, in a high frequency of drunkenness" (50-51)Davis, William N. - A cross-cultural study of drunkenness, 1964 - 5 Variables
This study examines the influence of the "child-adult" conflict on the frequency of drunkenness in a culture. In particular, the author examines the socio-psychological factors that can induce a child-adult conflict, claiming that this conflict may be more common when mothers are the primary dispensers of rewards.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Higher frequency of warfare will be associated with harsh male initiation ceremoniesSchlegel, Alice - Pain, fear, and circumcision in boys' adolescent initiation ceremonies, 2017 - 2 Variables
Schlegel and Barry explore the conditions under which adolescent boys' initiation ceremonies involve rituals that frighten or cause pain to the initiates. The authors look for cross-cultural differences and similarities in cultural features associated with harsh rituals, in particular, genital operations.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Harsh male initiation ceremonies will be associated with more polygynySchlegel, Alice - Pain, fear, and circumcision in boys' adolescent initiation ceremonies, 2017 - 2 Variables
Schlegel and Barry explore the conditions under which adolescent boys' initiation ceremonies involve rituals that frighten or cause pain to the initiates. The authors look for cross-cultural differences and similarities in cultural features associated with harsh rituals, in particular, genital operations.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "In societies with maximum conflict in sex identity, e.g., where a boy initially sleeps exclusively with his mother and where the domestic unit is patrilocal and hence controlled by men, there will be initiation rites at puberty which function to resolve this conflict in identity" (112-113)Burton, Roger V. - The absent father and cross-sex identity, 1963 - 3 Variables
This study advances the status envy hypothesis of sex identification to explain customs such as male initiation ceremonies and the couvade. Theory of sex identification is discussed; resource withholding, exclusive mother-child sleeping, patrilocality, father absence, female status, and initiation are all considered. Hypotheses are supported with empirical tests.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author