Polygyny

Associated Documents (68)

Main AuthorPublished YearTitle
Huber, Brad R.New cross-cultural perspectives on marriage transactions
Barry III, HerbertWealth concentration associated with frequent violent crime in diverse communities
de Munck, Victor C.Wife-husband intimacy and female status in cross-cultural perspective
Wilson, Christopher G.Male genital mutilation: an adaptation to sexual conflict
Kitahara, MichioMale Puberty Rites: a path analytic model
Sosis, RichardScars for war: evaluating alternative signaling explanations for cross-cultural variance in ritu...
Barry III, HerbertA cross cultural survey of some sex differences in socialization
Singh, DevendraSex differences in the anatomical locations of human body scarification and tattooing as a funct...
Low, Bobbi S.Cross-cultural patterns in the training of children: an evolutionary perspective
Low, Bobbi S.Pathogen stress and polygyny in humans
White, Douglas R.Rethinking polygyny: co-wives, codes, and cultural systems
White, Douglas R.Causes of polygyny: ecology, economy, kinship, and warfare
Pryor, Frederic L.A comparative study of slave societies
Low, Bobbi S.Marriage systems and pathogen stress in human societies
Lee, Gary R.Marital structure and economic systems
Blum, Richard H.A cross-cultural study
Ember, MelvinThe conditions favoring matrilocal versus patrilocal residence
Korotayev, Andrey V.Polygyny and democracy: a cross-cultural comparison
Korotayev, Andrey V.Factors of sexual freedom among foragers in cross-cultural perspective
Holden, ClareSexual dimorphism in stature and women's work: a phylogenetic cross-cultural analysis
Ember, MelvinAlternative predictors of polygyny
Crapo, Richard H.Factors in the cross-cultural patterning of male homosexuality: a reappraisal of the literature
Walker, Robert S.Evolutionary history of hunter-gatherer marriage practices
Nielsen, FrancoisThe ecological-evolutionary typology of human societies and the evolution of social inequality
Schlegel, AliceThe cultural consequences of female contribution to subsistence
Hartung, JohnPolygyny and inheritance of wealth
Barry III, HerbertMultiple predictors of contributions by women to agriculture
Wolfe, Linda D.A cross-cultural investigation into the sexual dimorphism of stature
Ludvico, Lisa RoseSymbolic or not-so-symbolic wounds: the behavioral ecology of human scarification
Quinlan, Robert J.Evolutionary ecology of human pair-bonds: cross-cultural tests of alternative hypotheses
Hooper, Paul L.Explaining monogamy and polygyny among foragers and horticulturalists
Low, Bobbi S.Sexual selection and human ornamentation
Korotayev, Andrey V.Christianity and democracy: a cross-cultural study (afterthoughts)
Ember, MelvinConditions that may favor avunculocal residence
Ember, Carol R.War and socialization of children: comparing two evolutionary models
Low, Bobbi S.Human responses to environmental extremeness and uncertainty: a cross-cultural perspective
Whyte, Martin KingThe status of women in preindustrial societies
Prescott, James W.Body pleasure and the origins of violence
Ember, MelvinThe conditions that may favor avunculocal residence
Ember, MelvinWarfare, sex ratio and polygyny
Paige, Jeffery M.The politics of reproductive ritual
Murdock, George PeterPost-partum sex taboos
Hayden, BrianEcological determinants of women's status among hunter/gatherers
Ross, Marc HowardInternal and external conflict and violence: cross-cultural evidence and a new analysis
Nag, MoniFactors affecting human fertility in nonindustrial societies: a cross-cultural study
Ellsworth, Ryan M.Comparative study of reproductive skew and pair-bond stability using genealogies from 80 small-s...
Whiting, John W.M.Effects of climate on certain cultural practices
Martin, M. KayFemale of the species
Bourguignon, ErikaDiversity and homogeneity in world societies
Sipes, Richard G.Population growth, society, and culture: an inventory of cross-culturally tested causal hypotheses
von Rueden, Christopher R.Men’s status and reproductive success in 33 nonindustrial societies: Effects of subsistence, mar...
Korotayev, Andrey V.Explaining current fertility dynamics in tropical Africa from an anthropological perspective: a ...
Frederic L. PryorEconomic Systems of Foraging, Agricultural, and Industrial Societies
Power, Camilla'Beauty magic': Deceptive sexual signalling and the evolution of ritual
Walker, Robert S.Marrying kin in small‐scale societies
Pryor, Frederic L.The origins of the economy: a comparative study of distribution in primitive and peasant economies
Hrnčíř, VáclavArchaeology of slavery from cross-cultural perspective
Young, Frank W.The function of male initiation ceremonies: a cross-cultural test of an alternative hypothesis
Gouldner, Alvin W.Notes on technology and the moral order
Carter, Tara-LynMale aggressiveness as intrasexual contest competition in a cross-cultural sample
Textor, Robert B. A Cross-Cultural Summary: Extramarital Sex
Textor, Robert B.A Cross-Cultural Summary: Polygyny
Textor, Robert B. A Cross-Cultural Summary: Male Initiation Rites
Garfield, Zachary H.Evolutionary Models of Leadership
Marlowe, Frank W.Paternal investment and the human mating system
Whatley, WarrenHow the international slave trade underdeveloped Africa
Barber, NigelSex Ratio at Birth, Polygyny, and Fertility: A Cross-National Study
Lowes, Sara, Nunn, NathanThe slave trade and the origins of matrilineal kinship

Associated Hypotheses (107)

Main AuthorHypothesis
Huber, Brad R.Polygyny and patrilaterality are predicted to be positively related to the net number of marriage transactions of brides and their parents and negatively related to the net number of marriage transactions of grooms and their parents (363).
Marlowe, Frank W.Controlling for mode of subsistence and male contribution, father-infant proximity (proxy for direct infant care) is negatively correlated with polygyny (p. 52).
Marlowe, Frank W.Social stratification (degree of variation in male status) is positively associated with degree of polygyny among forager and horticulturalists (p. 52).
Marlowe, Frank W.Controlling for mode of subsistence and father-infant proximity, male contribution to subsistence is negatively correlated with degree of polygyny (p. 52-3).
Barry III, HerbertPolygyny is associated with frequent violence (38).
de Munck, Victor C.Polygyny will be positively associated with higher socialization for aggression (324)
de Munck, Victor C. Polygyny will be positively associated with low husband-wife intimacy (322)
Wilson, Christopher G.Polygyny is positively associated with male genital mutilation (153-154)
Wilson, Christopher G.Polygyny is positively associated with female genital mutilation (153-154)
Kitahara, MichioPolygyny is positively associated with male puberty rites (296).
Sosis, RichardPolygyny is positively associated with costly male rites.
Barry III, Herbert"Large sex difference in socialization appears to be correlated with customs that make for a large family group with high cooperative interaction" (330)
Singh, Devendra"As pathogen severity increases, so should permanenent marking of body areas that are attended to for evaluating attractiveness and mate quality" (403).
Low, Bobbi S.More polygyny will be associated with training boys to strive more (p. 312).
Low, Bobbi S.Where serious pathogens are prevalent and severe, there will likely be increased polygyny (116).
White, Douglas R.The wealth-increasing polygyny complex: hypotheses relate a) autonomous wife and husband residence, b) norms and frequences of polygyny, c) wealth stratification of polygynists, d) female contribution to wealth, and e) a negative binomial distribution of polygyny (in which the addition of each wife increases the likelihood of adding another).
White, Douglas R.The sororal polygyny complex: hypotheses relate a) husbands' and wives' relative generation of wealth, b) husbands and wives autonomous residences, c) sororal mode of polygyny, and d) the husband's responsibility to attract new wives.
White, Douglas R.Fraternal interest groups will be positively associated with polygyny (p. 875).
White, Douglas R.Marriage of female war captives (x small population) will be positively associated with polygyny (p. 875).
White, Douglas R.Constraints on expansion into new lands will be negatively associated with polygyny (p. 875-6).
White, Douglas R.Environmental quality and homogeneity will be positively associated with polygyny (p. 876).
Pryor, Frederic L.Polygyny will be associated with the presence of slaves owned as social capital (p. 33).
Low, Bobbi S.Pathogen stress will be positively associated with polygyny (p. 325).
Lee, Gary R.Presence of plow animals will be negatively associated with polygyny (p. 705).
Lee, Gary R.Intensity of agriculture will be negatively associated with marital structure (p. 706).
Lee, Gary R.Female contribution to subsistence will be positively associated with polygyny (p. 702).
Blum, Richard H."When commonly polygamous co-wives dwell together rather than separately, then: [the culture disapproves of the use of cannabis]" (164)
Ember, Melvin". . . conditions that enhance the status of males are polygyny, moveable property such as herds or slaves or money, multilocal political integration, and warfare . . . [and] each . . . should predict male localization" (576)
Korotayev, Andrey V.Polygyny will be negatively associated with democracy at the upper level of political organization (190, 202).
Korotayev, Andrey V.Polygyny will be negatively associated with female premarital sexual freedom among foragers (36).
Holden, ClareSexual dimorphism in stature will be greater in polygynous societies (27).
Ember, MelvinDelayed age at marriage in men will be associated with polygyny (10).
Ember, MelvinControlling on the presence/absence of high male mortality in warfare, delayed age at marriage will be associated with polygyny (11).
Ember, MelvinControlling on age at marriage, the presence/absence of male mortality in warfare will be associated with polygyny (13).
Ember, MelvinSocieties where there is at least a seven-year discrepancy in age at marriage or high male mortality in warfare will tend to have polygyny (13).
Crapo, Richard H.Pathic and mentorship societies will be less monogomous than other societies (191).
Walker, Robert S.The practice of polygyny and brideprice are likely to be associated with early modern humans in Africa.
Nielsen, FrancoisSubsistence type will be significantly associated with class stratification, jurisdictional hierarchy, inheritance of office of local headman, inheritance of property, presence of games of strategy, and polygyny (299-306).
Schlegel, AliceWomen’s contribution to subsistence will be positively associated with polygyny, exogamy, bridewealth, postpartum sex taboo, girls’ socialization for industriousness, positive evaluation of females, and premarital sexual permissiveness (145-7)
Hartung, JohnDegree of polygyny will be positively related to brideprice (2).
Barry III, Herbert"Contribution by women to agriculture is associated with several cultural customs rather than with a single dominant variable" (293).
Wolfe, Linda D.Polygyny will be positively associated with sexual dimorphism of stature (225).
Ludvico, Lisa RoseScarification will be positively associated with polygyny (159).
Quinlan, Robert J.Pair-bond stability will be positively associated with polygyny (153).
Hooper, Paul L.There will be a negative association between polygyny and demand for male provisioning (3).
Hooper, Paul L.Variance in male resources (as indicated by stratification and food storage) will be associated with polygyny (2).
Hooper, Paul L.Warfare and interpersonal aggression will be positively associated with polygyny (5).
Hooper, Paul L.Pathogen stress will be positively associated with polygyny (5).
Hooper, Paul L.A low male to female sex ratio will be positively associated with polygyny (6).
Low, Bobbi S.Male-male competition and degree of male ornamentation will be positively associated with harem polygyny and promiscuous polygyny (469, 485).
Korotayev, Andrey V.Deep Christianization will be negatively associated with polygyny (195, 205).
Ember, Melvin"Double descent societies with avunculocality should have polygyny significantly more often than the double descent societies that are patrilocal" (207)
Ember, Melvin"Using polygyny as an indicator of relatively high male mortality . . . avunculocal societies are significantly more likely to practice polygyny than matrilocal societies" (206)
Ember, Carol R.In a multiple regression, father-infant sleeping distance will be associated with warfare frequency, marrying enemies, and polygyny (108).
Sipes, Richard G.Polygyny will be positively associated with Population Growth Rate (PGR) (56).
Low, Bobbi S.The degree of polygyny will be greatest in fluctuating environments and least in predictably constant environments (238).
Bourguignon, ErikaPrevalence of polygyny will vary according to world region (57).
Whyte, Martin KingPolyandry and monogamy will be positively associated with higher status for women than polygyny.
Prescott, James W.". . . societies which inflect pain and discomfort upon their infants tend to neglect them . . . [and are] more likely to practice slavery, polygamy, [have aggressive gods, and attribute inferior status to women]" (12)
Martin, M. KayPolygyny will be more common among herders who employ agricultural techniques than those who practice horticulture or exclusive pastoralism (348).
Ember, MelvinAvunculocal soceities will be significantly more likely to practice polygyny than matrilocal societies (253).
Ember, MelvinDouble descent societies with avunculocality will have polygyny significantly more than double descent societies that are patrilocal (254).
Ember, Melvin"However, when we control on Whiting's predictor, i.e., presence or absence of a long postpartum sex taboo, a strong relationship between high male mortality and polygyny still obtains, in the presence of both a long and a short postpartum sex taboo" (202)
Ember, Melvin"In the presence of a short [postpartum sex] taboo, which is the more crucial control situation, . . . [there is a strong] correlation between high male mortality and polygyny" (202)
Ember, Melvin". . . polygynous . . . [societies] are significantly more likely to have an imbalanced sex ratio in favor of females than the nonpolygynous [societies]" (199)
Ember, Melvin"A high male mortality in warfare is strongly associated with polygyny" (202)
Ember, Melvin"There is no significant association between a long postpartum taboo and polygyny in either the high or low male mortality situation . . . when we control for male mortality in warfare" (202)
Paige, Jeffery M.Patrilocality, polygyny, postpartum taboo, and exclusive mother-child sleeping arrangements are positively associated with sex segregation practices (243).
Murdock, George Peter"Specifically, the institution of polygyny, by providing alternative sexual outlets for married men with lactating wives, might well make a prolonged post-partum taboo more tolerable to adult males than in societies lacking such an alternative . . ." (145)
Hayden, BrianPolygyny will be negatively associated with female status among hunter-gatherers (459)
Ross, Marc HowardStrength of cross-cutting ties scale, intercommunity marriage in decentralized societies, matrilocality, intercommunity trade, fraternal interest group strength in decentralized societies, polygyny, socioeconomic complexity, political power concentration, harsh socialization practices, affectionate socialization practices, and male gender identity conflict will be positively associated with internal conflict and violence (552)
Ross, Marc HowardStrength in cross-cutting ties in decentralized societies, intercommunity marriage in decentralized societies, matrilocality, fraternal interest group strength, polygyny, socioeconomic complexity, political power concentration, harsh socialization practices, affectionate socialization practices, and male gender identity conflict will be positively associated with external conflict and violence (552)
Ross, Marc HowardExternal conflict and violence, strength of cross-cutting ties scale, intercommunity marriage in decentralized societies, matrilocality, intercommunity trade, fraternal interest group strength in decentralized societies, polygyny, socioeconomic complexity, political power concentration, harsh socialization practices, affectionate socialization practices, and male gender identity conflict will be positively associated with internal conflict and violence (554)
Ross, Marc HowardInternal conflict and violence, strength in cross-cutting ties in decentralized societies, intercommunity marriage in decentralized societies, matrilocality, fraternal interest group strength, polygyny, socioeconomic complexity, political power concentration, harsh socialization practices, affectionate socialization practices, and male gender identity conflict will be positively associated with external conflict and violence (554)
Nag, Moni"The data available for the selected societies do not support the hypothesis that there is a positive association between the period of postpartum abstinence and extent of polygyny" (80)
Nag, Moni"[Our] data do not support the hypothesis that polygyny is associated with reduced fertility" (94)
Nag, Moni"The data . . . Do not support the hypothesis of positive associations between . . . polygyny and . . . Sterility or childlessness" (96)
Ellsworth, Ryan M.Partible paternal societies will have higher fractions of paternal half-siblings than singular paternity societies. (3)
Ellsworth, Ryan M.Pair-bond instability (proxy measure being higher incidence of maternal half siblings) will be greater among partible paternity societies. (3)
Whiting, John W.M."If a society has a high frequency of polygyny . . . then it is more likely to have patrilocal residence than a society with a lower frequency of polygyny" (516)
Whiting, John W.M."Societies characterized by a prolonged postpartum sex taboo also tend to have a high frequency of polygynous marriage" (517)
von Rueden, Christopher R.Male status is positively associated with mating effort, but not with offspring mortality (10825).
Korotayev, Andrey V.Plow agriculture will be negatively associated with presence of polygyny (265).
Korotayev, Andrey V.Polygyny will be positively associated with length of postpartum sex taboo (267).
Frederic L. PryorAgricultural economy type (Herding-Plus, Egalitarian, Individualistic, or Semi-Marketized) will be associated with the presence of certain political institutions. (116)
Power, CamillaSeverity of male ritual costs will be positively associated with polygyny (277).
Walker, Robert S.Subsistence based primarily on hunting-gathering will be associated with extensive kinship systems, whereas agropastoralism will be associated with intensive ones (384).
Pryor, Frederic L.Societies where slaves are primarily used as social capital are more likely to be polygynous (246).
Hrnčíř, VáclavSlavery will be correlated with many social features (see variable list)
Hrnčíř, VáclavSlavery will be related to metalworking, polygyny, warfare, and stratification even when the variables are considered together
Young, Frank W."When general polygyny and a male organization are both present, the absent-father family pattern is likely to occur" (387)
Gouldner, Alvin W.Findings: Factor SC, "Sex Dominance", is bipolar. It loads heavily and positively (oblimax rotation) for matrilocal residence, monogamy, and more moderately for communal houses. High negative loadings are shown for polygyny, patrilocal residence, legendary heroes, and more moderately for government by restricted council (22)
Carter, Tara-LynThere is a positive association between male aggression and societies with polygyny and a high variance in the number of wives.
Textor, Robert B. Extramarital sexual relations will be present in societies with low incidence of polygyny (394, 243).
Textor, Robert B.In societies with simple agricultural food production, polygyny will be prevalent (243, 56).
Textor, Robert B.In societies with greater female contribution to subsistence, polygyny will be prevalent. (243, 127).
Textor, Robert B.In societies where males marry before the age of twenty, polygyny will be prevalent (243, 260).
Textor, Robert B.In societies where wife-lending or wife-exchange is common, polygyny will be prevalent (243, 279).
Textor, Robert B.In societies with high rates of early dependence satisfaction, polygyny will be prevalent (243, 306).
Textor, Robert B.In societies where youth sexual expression is restricted or semi-restricted, polygyny will be prevalent (243, 386).
Textor, Robert B. In societies where the presence of polygyny is high, there will be male initiation rites secrets (375, 243).
Garfield, Zachary H.Leadership will be positively associated with intelligence, knowledgeable men, polygyny, large families and more/higher quality mating opportunities.
Whatley, WarrenProximity to an international slave port may increase the spread of slavery and polygyny jointly.
Whatley, WarrenIn East Africa, proximity to an international slave port predicts a greater probability that a society will be organized around preservation of intergenerational slave wealth in nuclear-polygynous families, independent of political institutions.
Whatley, WarrenIn West Africa, proximity to an international slave port predicts a greater probability that a society will be organized around preservation of slave wealth in nuclear polygynous families under inherited local political aristocracies.
Barber, NigelThe sex ratio at birth will decline with polygyny.
Lowes, Sara, Nunn, NathanThe impact of the slave trade on sub-Saharan societies is positively correlated with the subsequent presence of matrilineal kinship and polygyny.

Associated OCMs

  1. regulation of marriage
  2. mode of marriage
  3. polygamy
  4. extended families
  5. localized kin groups
  6. community heads
  7. chief executive